The Secretary of State has had regard to relevant advice given by the Food Standards Agency in accordance with section 48(4A) of that Act(2).
There has been consultation, as required by Article 9 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety(3), during the preparation and evaluation of the following Regulations.
Citation, commencement and application
1.—(1) These Regulations may be cited as the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017 and come into force on 26th September 2017.
(2) They only apply in relation to England.
Interpretation2. In these Regulations—
“edible acid casein” means a milk product obtained by separating, washing and drying the acid-precipitated coagulum of skimmed milk and/or of other products obtained from milk, and complying with the standards set out in Schedule 1;
“edible caseinate” means a milk product obtained by action of edible casein or edible casein curd coagulum with neutralizing agents, followed by drying, and complying with the standards set out in Schedule 2;
“edible rennet casein” means a milk product obtained by separating, washing and drying the coagulum of skimmed milk and/or other products from milk; the coagulum is obtained through the reaction of rennet or other coagulating enzymes, and complying with the standards set out in Schedule 3;
“mixture” means a product composed of any two, or all three, of edible acid casein, edible caseinate and edible rennet casein.
Marketing of certain caseins and caseinates3.—(1) No person may market a product as—
(a)an edible acid casein;
(b)an edible caseinate;
(c)an edible rennet casein; or
(d)a mixture,
unless it satisfies conditions 1 and 2.
(2) Condition 1 is that the product is an edible acid casein, edible caseinate, edible rennet casein or a mixture (as applicable).
(3) Condition 2 is that the product satisfies the applicable labelling requirements in regulation 4.
Labelling4.—(1) The labelling requirements are those set out in paragraphs (2) to (4).
(2) The product’s package, container or label must be marked with—
(a)in the case of a product which is not a mixture, whichever of the following markings is applicable—
(i)“edible acid casein”;
(ii)“edible caseinate”;
(iii)“edible rennet casein”,
with, in the case of an edible caseinate, an indication of any cation used.
(b)in the case of a mixture—
(i)the words ‘mixture of’ followed by the names of the different products of which the mixture is composed, in decreasing order of weight; and
(ii)in the case of a mixture containing edible caseinate—
(aa)an indication of any cation used; and
(bb)the protein content of the mixture;
(c)the net quantity of the product, expressed in kilograms or grams;
(d)the name, or business name, and address of the food business operator under whose name, or business name, the product is marketed or, if that food business operator is not established in the
(e)in the case of a product imported from a country which is not a member State, the name of the country of origin; and
(f)the lot identification of the product or the date of production.
(3) But the package, container or label need not be marked with the particulars referred to in paragraph (2)(b)(ii)(bb), (c), (d) or (e) if those particulars are marked in a document accompanying the product.
(4) A marking required under paragraph (2) or contained in a document as described in paragraph (3) must be—
(a)in easily visible, clearly legible and indelible characters; and
(b)in English, either exclusively or in addition to any other language.
(5) Where the minimum milk protein content standards applicable to a product are exceeded, nothing in these Regulations prevents that fact being marked on the product’s package, container or label.
(6) In this regulation—
(a)“cation” refers to a neutralizing or buffering agent mentioned in table 4 of Schedule 2;
(b)“minimum milk protein content standards” means the standards set out at item 2 in table 1 of Schedule 1, 2 or 3 (as applicable).
Caseins and caseinates not suitable for use in food5.—(1) This regulation applies to a product which is, or contains, a casein or caseinate that does not comply with the contaminants and impurities standards.
(2) No person may use the product for the preparation of food.
(3) Paragraph (4) applies if the product may be lawfully marketed for a purpose other than the preparation of food.
(4) No person may market the product unless it is named and labelled in such a way that the purchaser is not misled as to its nature, quality or intended use.
(5) In this regulation, “the contaminants and impurities standards” are those set out in Schedule 4.
Enforcement6. Each food authority must enforce and execute these Regulations in its area.
Application, with modification, of provisions of the Food Safety Act 19907. The provisions of the Food Safety Act 1990 specified in column 1 of the table in Schedule 5 apply, with the modifications specified in column 2 of the table, for the purposes of these Regulations.
Revocations8. The following Regulations are revoked—
(a)the Caseins and Caseinates Regulations 1985(4);
(b)the Caseins and Caseinates (Amendment) Regulations 1989(5).
Review9.—(1) The Secretary of State must from time to time—
(a)carry out a review of the regulatory provision contained in these Regulations, and
(b)publish a report setting out the conclusions of the review.
(2) The first report must be published before 26 September 2022.
(3) Subsequent reports must be published at intervals not exceeding 5 years.
(4) Section 30(3) of the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015(6) requires that a review carried out under this regulation must, so far as is reasonable, have regard to how Directive (EU) 2015/2203 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the approximation of the laws of the member States relating to caseins and caseinates intended for human consumption and repealing Council Directive 83/417/EEC(7) is implemented in other member States.
(5) Section 30(4) of the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 requires that a report published under this regulation must, in particular—
(a)set out the objectives intended to be achieved by the regulatory provision referred to in paragraph (1)(a),
(b)assess the extent to which those objectives are achieved,
(c)assess whether those objectives remain appropriate, and
(d)if those objectives remain appropriate, assess the extent to which they could be achieved in another way which involves less onerous regulatory provision.
(6) In this regulation, “regulatory provision” has the same meaning as in sections 28 to 32 of the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 (see section 32 of that Act).
George Eustice
Minister of State
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
22nd August 2017
Regulation 2
SCHEDULE 1Standards applicable to edible acid caseinsTable 1Essential factors of composition
| 1. | Maximum moisture content | 12% by weight |
| 2. | Minimum milk protein content calculated on the dried extract | 90% by weight |
| of which minimum casein content | 95% by weight | |
| 3. | Maximum milk fat content | 2% by weight |
| 4. | Maximum titratable acidity, expressed in ml of decinormal sodium hydroxide solution per g | 0.27 |
| 5. | Maximum ash content (P2O5 included) | 2.5% by weight |
| 6. | Maximum anhydrous lactose content | 1% by weight |
| 7. | Maximum sediment content (burnt particles) | 22.5 mg in 25 g |
Table 2Contaminants
| Maximum lead content | 0.75 mg/kg |
Table 3Impurities
| Extraneous matter (such as wood or metal particles, hairs or insect fragments) | nil in 25 g |
Table 4Processing aids, bacterial cultures and authorised ingredients
| 1. | Acids: |
| — lactic acid | |
| — hydrochloric acid | |
| — sulphuric acid | |
| — citric acid | |
| — acetic acid | |
| — orthophosphoric acid | |
| 2. | Bacterial cultures producing lactic acid |
| 3. | Whey |
Table 5Organoleptic characteristics
| 1. | Odour | No foreign odours |
| 2. | Appearance | Colour ranging from white to creamy white; the product must not contain any lumps that would not break up under slight pressure |
Regulation 2
SCHEDULE 2 Standards applicable to edible caseinatesTable 1Essential factors of composition
| 1. | Maximum moisture content | 8% by weight |
| 2. | Minimum milk protein content calculated on the dried extract | 88% by weight |
| of which minimum casein content | 95% by weight | |
| 3. | Maximum milk fat content | 2% by weight |
| 4. | Maximum anhydrous lactose content | 1% by weight |
| 5. | pH value | 6.0 to 8.0 |
| 6. | Maximum sediment content (burnt particles) | 22.5 mg in 25 g |
Table 2Contaminants
| Maximum lead content | 0.75 mg/kg |
Table 3Impurities
| Extraneous matter (such as wood or metal particles, hairs or insect fragments) | nil in 25 g |
Table 4Food additives
(Optional neutralizing and buffering agents)
| Hydroxydes | of | Sodium |
| Carbonates | Potassium | |
| Phosphates | Calcium | |
| Citrates | Ammonium | |
| Magnesium |
Table 5Characteristics
| 1. | Odour | Very slight foreign flavours and odours |
| 2. | Appearance | Colour ranging from white to creamy white; the product must not contain any lumps that would not break up under slight pressure |
| 3. | Solubility | Almost entirely soluble in distilled water, except for calcium caseinate |
Regulation 2
SCHEDULE 3Standards applicable to edible rennet caseinsTable 1Essential factors of composition
| 1. | Maximum moisture content | 12% by weight |
| 2. | Minimum milk protein content calculated on the dried extract | 84% by weight |
| of which minimum casein content | 95% by weight | |
| 3. | Maximum milk fat content | 2% by weight |
| 4. | Maximum ash content (P2O5 included) | 7.5% by weight |
| 5. | Maximum anhydrous lactose content | 1% by weight |
| 6. | Maximum sediment content (burnt particles) | 15 mg in 25 g |
Table 2Contaminants
| Maximum lead content | 0.75 mg/kg |
Table 3Impurities
| Extraneous matter (such as wood or metal particles, hairs or insect fragments) | nil in 25 g |
Table 4Processing aids, bacterial cultures and authorised ingredients
| — rennet meeting the requirements of Regulation (EC) No 1332/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on food enzymes and amending Council Directive 83/417/EEC, Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999, Directive 2000/13/EC, Council Directive 2001/112/EC and Regulation (EC) No 258/97(8); — other milk-coagulating enzymes meeting the requirements of Regulation (EC) No 1332/2008. |
Table 5Organoleptic characteristics
| 1. | Odour | No foreign odours |
| 2. | Appearance | Colour ranging from white to creamy white; the product must not contain any lumps that would not break up under slight pressure |
Regulation 5
SCHEDULE 4The contaminants and impurities standardsContaminants
| Maximum lead content | 0.75 mg/kg |
Impurities
| Extraneous matter (such as wood or metal particles, hairs or insect fragments) | nil in 25 g |
Regulation 7
SCHEDULE 5Modifications of the Food Safety Act 1990| Provision of the Food Safety Act 1990 that applies | Modification |
|---|---|
| Section 3 (presumptions that food intended for human consumption) | In subsection (1), for “this Act” substitute “the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017” |
| Section 10(1) and (2) (improvement notices) | For subsection (1) (improvement notices) substitute— “(1) If an authorised officer of a food authority has reasonable grounds for believing that a person is failing to comply with any of regulation 3(1), 5(2) or 5(4) of the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017, the authorised officer may, by a notice served on that person (in this Act referred to as an “improvement notice”)— (a) state the officer’s grounds for believing that the person is failing to comply with the relevant provision; (b) specify the matters which constitute the person’s failure so to comply; (c) specify the measures which, in the officer’s opinion, the person must take in order to secure compliance; and (d) require the person to take those measures, or measures that are at least equivalent to them, within such period (not being less than 14 days) as may be specified in the notice.” |
| Section 20 (offences due to fault of another person) | For “any of the preceding provisions of this Part” substitute “section 10(2), as applied by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017,” |
| Section 21(1) and (5) (defence of due diligence) | In subsection (1), for “any of the preceding provisions of this Part” substitute “section 10(2), as applied by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017” |
| Section 30(8) (evidence of certificates given by a food analyst or examiner) | For “this Act” substitute “the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017” |
| Section 33 (obstruction etc. of officers) | In subsection (1), for “this Act” (in each place occurring) substitute “the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017” |
| Section 35(9) (punishment of offences) but only subsections (1) and (2) and in so far as section 35 is modified by these Regulations to include subsection (1ZA) | In subsection (1), after “section 33(1) above”, insert “, as applied and modified by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017,” After subsection (1), insert— “(1ZA) A person guilty of an offence under section 10(2), as applied by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine.” In subsection (2) for “any other offence under this Act”, substitute “an offence under section 33(2), as applied by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017,” |
| Section 36 (offences by body corporate) | In subsection (1), for “this Act” substitute “section 10(2), as applied by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017,” |
| Section 36A(10) (offences by Scottish partnerships) | For “this Act” substitute “section 10(2), as applied by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017,” |
| Section 37(1) and (6) (appeals) | For subsection (1) substitute— “(1) Any person who is aggrieved by a decision of an authorised officer of a food authority to serve an improvement notice under section 10(1), as applied and modified by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017, may appeal to the First-tier Tribunal.” In subsection (6)— (a) for “(3) or (4)” substitute “(1)”, and (b) in paragraph (a), for “a magistrates’ court or to the sheriff” substitute “the First-tier Tribunal” |
| Section 39 (appeals against improvement notices) | For subsection (1) substitute— “(1) On an appeal against an improvement notice served under section 10(1), as applied and modified by regulation 7 of, and Schedule 5 to, the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017, the First-tier Tribunal may either cancel or affirm the notice and, if it affirms it, may do so either in its original form or with such modifications as the First-tier Tribunal may in the circumstances think fit.” In subsection (3), omit “for want of prosecution” |
| Section 44 (protection of officers acting in good faith) | For “this Act” (in each place occurring) substitute “the Caseins and Caseinates (England) Regulations 2017” |
EXPLANATORY NOTE
(This note is not part of the Regulations)
These Regulations implement, in relation to England, Directive (EU) 2015/2203 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the approximation of the laws of the member States relating to caseins and caseinates intended for human consumption and repealing Council Directive 83/417/EEC (
Regulation 2 defines terms used in the Regulations, in particular “edible acid casein”, “edible caseinate”, and “edible rennet casein” and in doing so introduces Schedules 1 to 3 which set out the applicable technical standards for those products.
Regulation 3 imposes requirements in respect of the marketing of products as an edible acid casein, edible caseinate and edible rennet casein, including requiring a product marketed as such a casein or caseinate to be labelled in accordance with regulation 4. In doing so it implements Article 3(a) and Article 4 of the 2015 Caseins Directive.
Regulation 5 prohibits the use of a casein or caseinate which does not comply with the contaminants and impurities standards (as set out in Schedule 4) in the preparation of food and requires that such a casein or caseinate, if lawfully marketed for purposes other than the preparation of food, is marketed in a way that is not misleading as to the product’s nature, quality or intended use. In doing so, regulation 5 implements Article 3(b) of the 2015 Caseins Directive.
Regulations 6 and 7, and Schedule 5 (introduced by regulation 7), make provision about the enforcement of these Regulations.
Regulation 8 revokes the Regulations which implemented the predecessor of the 2015 Caseins Directive. That Directive (Council Directive 83/417/EEC of 25 July 1983 on the approximation of the laws of the member States relating to certain lactoproteins (caseins and caseinates) intended for human consumption – OJ L 237, 26.08.1983 p. 25) is repealed by Article 8 of the 2015 Caseins Directive.
The 2015 Caseins Directive was implemented for Scotland by the Caseins and Caseinates (Scotland) (No. 2) Regulations 2016 (S.S.I 2016/422), for Wales by the Caseins and Caseinates (Wales) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/1130 W. 270) and for Northern Ireland by the Caseins and Caseinates Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2016 (S.R. (
The Explanatory Memorandum for the Regulations is published alongside the Regulations on www.legislation.gov.uk or may be obtained by writing to the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs at Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, Westminster, London SW1P 3JR. This Explanatory Note contains the information that would otherwise be included in a Transposition Note. An Impact Assessment has not been prepared for this instrument. This is because no significant impact on business, charities or voluntary bodies is foreseen.
