portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲溶液是一种能使portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值保持稳定的溶液。如果向这种溶液中加入少量的酸或碱，或者在溶液中的化学反应产生少量的酸或碱，以及将溶液适当稀释，这个溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值基本上稳定不变，这种能对抗少量酸碱或大或稀释，而使portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值不变化的溶液就称为缓冲溶液。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">标准缓冲液有以下特点：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）标准溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值是已知的，并达到规定的准确度；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）标准溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值有良好的复现性和稳定性，具有较大的缓冲容量，较小的稀释值和较小的温度系数；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）溶液的制备方法简单；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-weight: normal;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">2.portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">如何配制pH标准缓冲溶液？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">对于portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">一般portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">测portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">量，可使用成套portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">组冲试剂（可配制portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">250mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">），portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">配制溶液时，应使用去离子水，并预先煮沸portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">15portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">30portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">分portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">钟，以除去溶解的二氧化碳。剪开塑料袋将试剂倒入烧杯中，用适量去离子水使之溶解，并冲洗包装袋，再倒入portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">250mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">容量瓶中，稀释至刻度，充分摇匀即可。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 24px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">3. portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">如何正确保存和使用pH缓冲溶液？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲溶液配制后，应装在玻璃瓶或聚乙烯瓶中（碱性portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲液，如，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=9.18portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=10.01portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=12.46portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">等，应装在聚乙烯瓶中）瓶盖严密盖紧，在冰箱portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">中低温(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">10portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">)portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">保存，一般portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">可使用六个月左右，如发现有混频器浊，发霉或沉淀现象，不能继续使用。使用时，应准备几个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">50mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">聚乙烯小瓶，将大瓶中的组冲溶液倒入小瓶中，并在环境温度下放置portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">个小时，等温度平衡后再使用。使用后不得再倒入大瓶中，以免污染，瓶中的缓冲溶液在＞portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">10portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的环境条件下可以使用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">天，一般portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=7.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=14.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">三种溶液使用时间可以长一些，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> pH=9.18portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">和portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=10.01portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液由于吸收空气中的二氧化碳，其portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值比较容易变化。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">.pH缓冲溶液有何用途？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">测量前标定校准portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）用以检定portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计的准确性，例如，用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">和portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=14.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，标定portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计后，将portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极插入portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=9.18portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液中，检查仪器显示值和标准溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值是否一致。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）在一般精度测量时检portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计是否需要重新标定。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计标定并使用后也许会产生漂移或变化，因此在测试前将电极插入与被测溶液比较接近的标准缓冲液中，根据误差大小确定是否需要重新标定。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）检测portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极的性能。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">5portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">.pH电极为何要浸泡？如何正确浸泡pH复合电极？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极使用前必须浸泡，因为，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">球泡是一种特殊的玻璃膜，在玻璃膜表有一很薄的凝胶层，它只有在充分湿润的条件下才能与溶液中的氢离子有良好的影响。同时，玻璃电极经过浸泡，可以使不对称电势大大下降并趋向稳定。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">玻璃电极一般可以用蒸馏水或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的缓冲溶液浸泡。通常用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲溶液浸泡更好上些，浸泡时间至portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">24portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">小时或更长，根据球泡玻璃膜厚度、电极老化程度而不同。同时，参比电极的液接界也需要浸泡。因为，如果液接界干涸会使液接界电势增大或不稳定，参比电极的浸泡液必须和参比电极的外参比溶液一致，即，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.3mol/L KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液或饱和portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液，浸泡时间一般几小时即可。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">因此，对portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极而言，就必须浸泡在含portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲液中，这样才能对玻璃球泡和液接界同时起作用。这里要特别提醒注意，因为过去人们使用单支的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">PHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">玻璃电极已习惯于用去离子水或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">组冲液浸泡，后来使用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极时依然采用这样的浸泡方法，甚至在一些不正确的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极的使用说明书中也会进行这种错误的指导。这种错误的浸泡方法引起的直接后果就是使一支性能良好的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极就成一支响应慢、精度差的电极，而且浸泡时间越长性能越差，因为经过长时间的浸泡，液接界内部（例如，砂芯内部）的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">浓度已大大降低了，使液接界电势增大和不稳定。当然，只要在正确的浸泡溶液中重新浸泡数小时，电极还是会复原的。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">另外，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极也不能浸泡在中性或碱性缓冲溶液中，长期浸泡在此类溶液中会使portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">PHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">玻璃膜响应迟钝。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">正确的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极浸泡液的配制：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">取portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲剂（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">250mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）一包，溶于portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">250mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">纯水中，再加入portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">56portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">克分析纯portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，适当加热，搅拌至完全溶解即成。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">6portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">. 可充式和非可充式pH复合电极有何区别？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极外壳有塑料和玻璃的区分。可充式portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极即在电极外壳上有一加液孔，当电极的外参比溶液流失后，可将加液孔打开，重新补充portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液。而非可充式portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极内装凝胶状portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，不易流失也无加液孔。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">可充式portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极的特点是参比溶液有较高的渗透速度率，液接界电位稳定重现，测量精度较高。而且当参比电极减少或受污染后可以补充或更换portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液，但缺点是使用较麻烦。可充式portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极使用时应将加液孔打开，以增加液体压力，加速portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极响应，当电介液液面低于加液孔portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">厘米时，应及时补充新的电介液。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">非可充portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极的特点是维护简单使用方便，因此，也得到广泛的应用。但作为实验室portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极极使用时，在长期和边续的使用条件下，液接界处的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">浓度会减少，影响测试精度。因此非可充式portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极不用时，应浸在电极浸泡液中，这样下次测试时电极性能会很好，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">而部分实验室portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极都不是长期和边续的测试，因此，这种结构对精度的影响是比较小的。而工业的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极由于对测试精度的要求比较低，所以使用方便就成为主要的选择。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">7portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">. 如何正确使用pH复合电极？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">球泡前端不应有气泡，如有气泡应用力甩去。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极从浸泡瓶中取出后，应在去离子水中晃动并甩干，不要用纸巾擦拭球泡，否则由于静电感应电荷转移到玻膜上，会延长电势稳定的时间，更好的方法是使用被测溶液冲洗电极。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极插入被测溶液后，要搅拌晃动几下再静止放置，这样会加快电极的响应。尤其使用塑壳portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极时，搅拌晃动要厉害一些，因为，球泡和塑壳之间会有一个小小的空腔，电极浸入溶液后有时空腔中的气体来不及排除会产生气泡，使球泡或液接界与溶液接角不良，因此必须用力搅拌晃动以排除气泡。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">在粘稠性试样中测试之后，电极必须用去离子水反复冲洗多次，以除去粘附在玻璃膜上的试样。有时还需先用其它试剂洗去试样，再用水洗去溶剂，浸入浸泡液中活化。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">避免接触强酸强碱或腐蚀性溶液，如果测试此类溶液，应尽量减少浸入时间，用后仔细清洗干净。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">6portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">避免在无水乙醇、浓硫酸等脱水性介质中使用，它们会损坏球泡表面的水合凝胶层。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">7portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">塑壳portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极的外壳材料是聚碳酸酯塑料（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">PCportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">PCportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">塑料在有些溶剂中会溶解，如四氯化碳、三氯乙烯、四氢呋喃等，如果测试中含有以上溶剂，就会电极外壳，此时应改用玻璃外壳的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电极。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">8portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">.pH电极如何清洗？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">球泡和液接界污染后先用以下溶剂清洗，再用去离子水洗去溶剂，将电极浸入浸泡液中活化。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">污染物portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">清洗剂portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">无机金属氧化物portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">低于portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1mol/Lportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">稀酸
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">有机油脂类物质portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">稀洗涤剂（弱酸性）
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">树脂高分子物质portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">稀酒精、丙酮、乙醚
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">蛋白质血球沉淀物portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">酸性酶溶液（食母生片）
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">颜料类物质portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">稀漂白液、过氧化氢
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">9portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">.如何修复pH电极？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">复合电portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">极的“损坏”，其现象是敏感梯度降低portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、响应慢、读数重复性差，可能由以下三种因素引起，一般客户可以采用适当的方法予以修复：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）电极球泡和液接界受污染，可以用细的毛刷、棉花或牙签等，仔细去除污物。有些塑壳电极头部的保护罩可以旋下，清洗就方便了，如污染严重，可按第portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">8portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">条的方法用清洁剂清洗。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）外参比溶液受污染，有些电极的结构是可添加溶液的，此时，可用针筒将电极的外参比溶液抽净，配制新的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.3mol/Lportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或饱和portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">KClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液，再加进去，注意第一、二次加进去时再要抽出来，以便将电极内腔清洗净。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）玻璃敏感膜老化：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">将电极球portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">泡用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1mol/Lportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">稀盐酸（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">9mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">盐酸用纯水稀释至portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">100mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">浸portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">泡portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">24portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">小时用纯水洗净，再用电极浸泡溶液浸泡portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">24portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">小portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">时。如果钝化比较严重，也可以将电极下portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">端浸泡在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">45portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的氢氟酸溶液中portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">秒钟portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液配制：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">氢氟酸用纯水稀释至portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">100mLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，用纯水洗净，然后，在电极浸泡溶液中浸泡portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">24portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">小时，使其恢复性能。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">10portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">. 什么是pH计的一点校准？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">任何一种portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计都必须经过portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">标准溶液的校准后才可测量样品的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值，对于测量精度在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">以下的样品，可以采一点校准方法调整仪器，一般选用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=7.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">标准缓冲溶液。有些仪器本身只portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.2pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，因此仪器只设有一个定位调节旋扭，具体操作步聚如下：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）测量标准缓冲液温度，查表确定该温度下的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值，将温度补尝旋钮调节至该温度下；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）用纯水冲洗电极并甩干；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）将电极浸入缓冲溶液晃动后静止放置，待读数稳定后，调节定位旋钮使仪器显示该标准溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）取出电极冲洗并甩干；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）测量样吕温度，并将portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计温度补偿旋钮调节至该温度值；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">6portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）将电极浸入样品溶液，晃动后静止放置，显示稳定后读数。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">11portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">. 什么是pH计的二点校准?
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">对于精密级的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计，除了设portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">有“定位”和“温度补偿”调节外，还设电极“斜率”调节，它就需要用二种标准缓冲液进行校准。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">一般先以portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=7.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">进portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">行“定位”校准，然后根据测试溶液的酸碱情况，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">选用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（酸性）或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=9.18portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=10.01(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">碱性portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">)portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲溶液进行portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">“portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">斜率校正，具体操作步聚为：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）电极极洗净并甩干，浸入portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=7.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">标准溶液中，温度补偿旋钮置于溶液温度处。待示值稳定后，调节定位旋钮使仪器示值为标准溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）取出电极洗净并甩干，浸入第二种标准溶液。待示值稳定后，调节仪器斜率旋钮，使仪器的示值为第二种标准溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）电极极洗净并甩干，再浸入portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH7.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">标准溶液中，如果误差超过portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.02pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，则重复第（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">），（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）步聚。直至在二种标portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">准溶液中不需要调节旋钮都能显示正确的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">PHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">取出电极洗净并甩干，将portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">温度补偿旋钮调节至样品温度，将电极浸入样品溶液，晃动后静止放置，显示稳定后读数。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">12portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">. 温度对pH精度测量有多大影响？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">对portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极，温度影响每一个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">为portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.003pH/portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，例如，一个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">级的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计，在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">30portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">缓冲液中进行校准，然后测试portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">60portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的溶portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">液(假定portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">溶液的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">范围在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH6portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">8portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">之间与portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH7.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">相差一个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">单portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">位)，则温度portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">影响的最大误差就是portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">30×0.003=0.09pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">。如果是portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">单portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">位(在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">10portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">范围portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">内)，最大portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">误差就是portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.27pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，从中可以看出温度对portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的影响是很大的。当然，我们也可以从中得出结论，为了减少温度对portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">测量的误差，我们该注意以下三点：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"> portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">尽量选择接近被测溶液portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">值的缓冲溶液校准portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）尽量使校准溶液的温度与被测溶液的温度一致或接近。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）应该选择有温度补偿的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">精度高于portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计都有温度补偿调节，而portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">级的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计就不带有温度补偿。有些portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">级的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计也号称有portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">级的精度，其实这是不可能的，有人是将分辨率portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">和精度portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.1pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">这二个概念进行了混淆。即使以一个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">单位来说，相隔portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">60portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">误差就是portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.003×60=0.18pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，因此，没有温度补偿的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计，最高的精度也只有portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">0.2pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 24px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">13portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">.温度补偿能消除所有温度引起的误差吗?
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">必须特别指出的是，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计上设置的温度补偿，只是补偿电极的斜率项（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2.303RT/Fportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">）。受温度影响的还有玻璃电极的标准电势，液接界电势等，它们与温度并非成严格的线性关系。同时，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">电极也需要一定的时间才能达到新温度下的平衡。因此，不管是手动温度补偿还是自动温度补偿，都不是很充分的。根据portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">测量的操作定义，要想得到精密的测量结果，样品溶液与标准溶液应在相同和恒定的温度下测量，这就是等温测量原理。对于一般精度要求的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">测量，样品溶液与标准溶液的温度不同时，可使用温度补偿。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 24px;">14portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">．如何判断你的pH计是否准确？
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">有不少用户在使用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计时都心存疑惑，这个portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计到底准不准？有人以工作经验来判断，有人以portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">试纸来判断，也有人以过去使用的portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计来判断，这些都是不可靠的。其实，唯一可靠和最简单的方法就是以portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">标准缓冲溶液来来进行检定。这是唯一的检测标准。取三个标准缓冲溶液：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=9.18(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">最好是新鲜配制并且温度相同portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">),portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">以portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=6.86Fportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">进行定位校准portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">,portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">以portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=4.00portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">进行斜率校准portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">,portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">然后测试portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pH=9.18portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">计是否准确，是否合格立见分晓。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">小结：注意事项
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">仪器在使用前必须进行校准，即，以上4～8款操作。如果仪器不关机，可以连续测定，一旦关机就要校准。但12小时即使不关机也必须校准一次。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">文章来源网络。
