portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)检测测试过程的基本步骤和依据;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2)参加检测人员的资格;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(3)检测使用的仪器设备及场地;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(4)检测实验环境条件;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(5)检测分析的数据;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(6)检测分析结果的判断;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(7)检测实验的结论等。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">凡对检测工作质量和质量体系运行有效性有关的、需要证实的所有方面,都必须认真做好记录,与检测质量有关的记录分为技术记录和质量记录两类:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)技术记录
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">技术记录是进行检测所得数据和信息的积累,包括:检测过程的原始记录、导出数据portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(简称:原始记录)、合同、任务单,以及与检测工作相关的技术方案、采样点设置图等说明资料。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)质量记录
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">质量记录是客观反映质量或质量体系运行过程的信息载体,portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">主要包括:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">质量体系内审和质量管理评审的记录与报告、质量监督、仪器设备运行检查、仪器设备和计量标准档案、人员培训记录档案、申诉以及纠正措施或预防措施等。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(84, 141, 212);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">)所有的记录必须指定专人负责管理;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">)制订各类记录的保存期限;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(3)涉及客户的记录应制定保密措施,以保护客户信息和所有权;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(4)记录应保存在适宜的环境及设施中,有效防止污损、变质、虫蛀和丢失;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(5)记录的维护管理、查阅或借阅应符合保护客户信息和所有权程序要求;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(6)超过保管期限的记录,由管理人员造册,经批准后,按有关程序予以处理;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">原始记录是编制检测报告的主要依据,也是必要和可能时再现试验的依据,因此,必须记录完整、真实、清楚,对涂改应作出统一规定。原始记录除试验数据和观察记录外,还要对所用仪器设备、标准物质、环境条件、试验参数、样品编号及其状态、测试过程中的异常现象进行如实记录。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">检测原始记录是检测工作活动轨迹的客观证据,是形成检测报告的原始凭证,因此,必须规范化:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)原始记录信息要完整:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">原始记录应包括以下内容:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">a)检测的方法依据;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">b)使用的仪器设备名称、型号及编号;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">c)检测时的被测样品标识;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">d)检测时的环境条件;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">e)检测观察结果、数据及其计算;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">f)检测人员和复核人员签字;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">g)其他必要的说明。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)原始记录填写人员应准确、规范、完整、客观地记录相关内容,不得使用铅笔书写;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体;">(3)原始记录因笔误或计算错误需要更改时,应按规定的程序进行修改。如使用单杆划去原数据,在其右上方写上正确数据并有更改人的签章;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(4)正确使用法定计量单位;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(5)使用统一格式的原始记录。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">检测报告是检测机构向客户提供的最终产品,也是检测机构工作质量的最终体现,因此,检测机构应准确、清晰和客观报告进行的每一项检测结果。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">)检测报告的编制应符合国家有关法律法规及检测机构所建立的质量体系文件的规定;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)报告中所使用的术语、定义应与现行有效的国家标准、技术规范一致;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(3)使用法定计量单位;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(4)检测数据的处理与表达方式应与现行有效的国家标准、技术规范一致;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(5)必须加盖相关的印章;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(6)若有分包项目应注明,必要时可详细说明。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">检测报告应包括以下信息:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">a)标题;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">b)检测机构名称、地址及联系电话;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">c)检测报告唯一性标识,报告总页数及页码;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">d)客户的相关信息;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">e)检测样品的描述说明和明确标识;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">f)检测样品的特性及状态;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">g)检测方法技术依据及说明;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">h)检测仪器设备及检测环境条件;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">i)检测的结果并适当辅以表格或简图加以说明;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">j)报告批准(或经授权)人、审定人(适用时)、审核人、编制人的签字或等同的标识;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">k)报告的有效性声明;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">l)对估算的监测结果不确定度的说明(如果适用);
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">m)特定方法、客户要求附加的信息(适用时)。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)报告审核
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">检测报告在签发前必须进行校对和审核。校对主要是对数据转移、计算处理及报告内容差漏进行校对;审核是对报告的完整性、项目的齐全性、依据的正确性以及结论的正确性进行审查,审查内容包括:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">①检测所依据的标准、方法、指导书的有效性;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">②检测所依据方法、仪器设备、环境条件选用、数据计算以及所有文字、符号、计量单位的正确性;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">③报告的检测结果与检测原始记录的一致性;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">④报告内容及其档案要件的完整性;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">⑤报告结论的正确性及报告编制的规范性。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)报告签发
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">经审核的检测报告由法人或其授权签字人签发,同时,应指定专人负责待发检测报告的管理,实行领用登记制度。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">有关人员从报告编制、审核到发布或传递检测报告均应遵循保护客户信息和所有权程序的相关规定。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">报告由检测机构的负责人或其授权签字人签发,对于授权签字人应满足以下要求:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">①相应授权签字领域的资格和经验;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">②能参与监督日常报告产生的关键过程;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">③熟悉检测标准与检测程序(包括:理论基础知识和技术领域的实际能力);
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">④能对检测结果进行科学的分析评价;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">⑤熟悉质量标准体系的知识;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">⑥熟悉评审机构方针、政策以及对实验室的有关要求;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">⑦有足够的时间参与实验室工作,熟悉实验室质量体系和业务工作的开展。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">检测报告的更正是指对检测机构已签发批准送达客户后,因出现下列原因之一,需要对检测报告进行的更正或补充:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">①发现检测报告对应的检测仪器设备出现问题且已影响到该检测报告所涉及的检测结果;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">②发现由于采用了不正确或不完善的检测方法,导致检测结果有误;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">③发现出具的检测报告有其他错误;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">④为满足客户的合理要求。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">报告的更改可采用以下方式:
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">①发布一个新的检测报告,以替代原检测报告。新报告应有新的编号并标明替代的旧报告号;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">②以“报告的更改或补充的通知”的形式通知客户(尤其是:采用电子传输时),应统一编制这种文件格式。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(1)所检项目全部合格
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">模式:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目符合GB×××标准;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">举例:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目符合GB2717-1996酱油卫生标准。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(2)所检项目全部不合格
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">模式:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目不符合GB×××标准;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">举例:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目不符合GB2717-1996酱油卫生标准。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(3)所检项目少数不合格
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">模式:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目中×××不符合GB×××标准,其余项目合格;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">举例:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目中氨基酸态氮不符合GB2717-1996酱油卫生标准,其余项目合格。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(4)所检项目少数合格
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">模式:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目中×××符合GB×××标准,其余项目不合格;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">举例:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">该样品所检项目中砷符合GB2717-1996酱油卫生标准,其余项目不合格。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(5)参照标准评价
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">模式:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">参照GB×××标准,该样品所检项目......,即,先加入:“参照GB×××标准”,其后与上述相同;
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">举例:portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">参照GB2726-1996酱卤肉卫生标准,该样品所检项目中菌落总数不合格,其余项目合格。