ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">常规洗涤法（一般容器）
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1.清洗实验器皿前先用肥皂洗手；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2.先用自来水冲去灰尘，再用毛刷蘸洗涤剂液仔细刷净内外表面，之后边刷边用水冲至无洗涤剂液；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.再用自来水冲洗3～5次，去离子水冲洗3次；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4.不便刷洗的实验器皿先用洗涤剂液浸泡后用水冲洗。洗净的玻璃器皿内外不挂水珠，器壁上残留的水用指示剂检查为中性；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5.去污粉不得用于洗涤刻度器皿和玻璃仪器内壁，以防划伤玻璃。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">不同材质器皿的洗涤
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1.portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">银、镍和铁质器皿用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">NaOHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">熔融，也可用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">稀portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">HClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">短时间浸泡后用水冲洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2.玛瑙器皿不宜浸洗，要先用洗涤剂洗后用水冲洗倒置架空晾干，不可烘干；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.塑料、瓷质和玻璃器皿用稀HCl浸泡后冲洗。
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">特殊器皿洗涤
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1.砂portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">芯漏斗用热portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">HClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或铬酸洗液边抽滤边清洗，再依次用自来水、蒸馏水抽洗；用后的砂芯漏斗应针对不同的沉淀物，采用适当的洗涤剂先溶解后抽洗；洗净后可在干燥箱中portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">120portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">℃烘干，但是，烘干前要除去水滴，以免滤片烘裂；洗portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">matchportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">净的砂芯漏斗要特别注意防尘。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">2.成portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">套组合玻璃器皿用常规洗净安装后，使用前应用水蒸气洗涤一段时间；用于微量、痕量分析的玻璃容器要用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px;">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px;">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">～portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px;">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体;">：9portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px;">HNO3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体;">浸泡后用常规方法洗涤；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.污垢较重器皿的洗涤首次一般均需用HNO3浸泡进行预处理；洗液确定后增加浸泡时间和加温浸煮能强化洗涤效果；用超声波清洗器清洗。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 14px;">
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">特殊污垢的清洗
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1.铁portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">锈水垢用稀portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">HClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">或稀portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">HNO3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">清洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2.盛高锰酸钾的器皿，用氯化亚锡的盐酸液或含草酸的硫酸溶液清洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.难溶的银盐用硫代硫酸钠或氨水洗涤；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4.铝盐、磷钼酸喹啉、白色MoO3用稀NaOH溶液清洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5.四苯硼钾用丙酮清洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">6.有脂肪性污物的器皿用汽油、甲苯、丙酮、酒精、二氯甲烷等有机溶剂擦洗或浸泡。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">有毒有害物质器皿的洗涤
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1.对portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">分析致癌性物质或氰化物等剧毒物质容器洗涤时，为防止对人体的危害，在洗涤之前，要使用对这些有害物质有破坏作用的洗涤液进行浸泡，然后再进行洗涤。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2.分析氰化物的容器可用3%，NaOH溶液浸泡消毒，然后用常规方法清洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.分析苯并芘的玻璃容器用20%，HNO3溶液浸泡24h，取出后用自来水冲去残留酸液，再按常规方法清洗。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">不同项目取样容器的洗涤处理
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1.portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">用于检测重金属的水样的容器用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">1portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">HNO3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">浸泡portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">24hportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">以上，取出后常规方法清洗；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">2.检测微量有机物的水样的容器用铬酸洗液洗净烘干后，再用纯化过的己烷振摇除去器壁表面沾污的有机物，也可用高锰酸钾洗液浸洗后再用自来水和纯水冲洗干净；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">3.检测阴离子表面活性剂水样的容器要用洗涤剂刷洗后，再用甲醇振摇1min，再依次用自来水、纯水冲洗干净；检测微生物水样的容器，用常规洗涤后，将玻璃器皿放置于高压灭菌锅中加热至121℃保持15min，予以灭菌；塑料容器浸泡在0.5%过氧乙酸溶液中10min或在环氧乙烷气体中进行低温灭菌；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">4.聚丙烯耐热塑料容器可用高压灭菌锅121℃高压蒸汽灭菌15min；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">5.测汞的水样容器要用1：3，HNO3充分荡洗并浸置数小时，然后，用自来水和超纯水冲洗干净；测微量硫酸盐水样的容器不能使用含硫酸的洗液洗涤；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">6.测铬水样的容器不能用盐酸或重铬酸钾的洗液洗涤；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">7.测磷酸盐的水样的容器不能用含磷的洗液洗涤；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">8.测氨和凯氏氮水样的容器最后要用无氨水涮洗。
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">器皿的干燥
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">玻璃器皿可采取控干、烘干、吹干、烤干等方法干燥处理。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">注意事项：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">1.任何量器均不得用烘干法干燥；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">2.烤干时需注意由底到口，防止瓶口水滴回滴致玻璃炸裂；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">3.烤干法只适用于硬质玻璃器皿，有些玻璃器皿，如，比色皿、比色管、称量瓶、试剂瓶等绝对不允许用烤干法；
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">4.干净的玻璃器皿倒置于器皿柜中，柜的隔板上衬垫清洁滤纸，关紧柜门防灰尘。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(62, 62, 62);">
ntent="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">小结
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">因此，实验室玻璃器皿的正确严格清洗是非常值得重视的，在各大实验室中，高效、专业化的玻璃器皿清洗机终将逐渐淘汰传统的人工清洗方式。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px;">
