近日，华中农业大学农业生态团队结合meta大数据分析和田间控制试验验证的方法，对氮肥施用量和施用时期对稻米产量和品质的影响进行了综合分析，指出适当减少氮肥施用总量和减少氮肥穗粒肥施用量，能明显改善稻米食味品质并且不会影响产量。同时该研究对不同施肥条件下水稻氮素吸收、分配与稻米蛋白含量的关系进行了分析，提出提高氮肥农学利用率（ANUE）是获得水稻丰产和优质平衡的关键，为农业生产转型条件下水稻丰产美食味栽培的氮肥优化管理措施提供理论指导与技术支撑。该研究以“Balance rice yield and eating quality by changing the traditional nitrogen management for sustainable production in China”为题发表于Journal of Cleaner Production杂志 。
我校植物科学技术学院2020级硕士研究生程博为该论文第一作者，江洋副教授、曹凑贵教授为论文的共同通讯作者。该研究得到了国家重点研发计划和国家自然科学基金等项目的资助。
文献检索过程及数据库所包含实验点的地理位置
氮肥施用量、氮肥农学利用效率、氮肥偏生产效率与水稻产量、蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量的效应值相关性分析结果
【英文摘要】
Total yield of rice in China has been greatly improved in recent decades. However, this yield improvement is excessively dependent on the input of nitrogen （N） fertilizer. In recent years, since the demand for rice quantity has basically been met, consumers pay more attention to rice quality, especially the eating quality. Increasing N application improves the yield of rice, but it changes the protein and amylose content in rice, generally reducing the eating quality. It is necessary to establish a more reasonable N management to balance yield and eating quality for rice sustainable development in China. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of various N managements on rice yield and eating quality by meta-analysis. Under traditional N management, increasing the amount of total N and late-stage N applications weaken the yield increase and decrease the eating quality with the significant increase in protein and amylose content in rice. By reducing total N and late-stage N application input, eating quality and N use efficiency could be significantly improved. Further, conditional inference tree analysis indicated that adjusting the amount of late-stage N application was a major measure to improve traditional N fertilization, since it could increase agronomic N use efficiency in rice production and balance yield maintenance and eating quality improvement. Our supplementary experiment results further confirmed that adjusting N management could improve the rice yield and eating quality with less N input. Thus, we propose the following adjusting N management strategies for rice sustainable production in China: （1） Decreasing the traditional high N rate is absolutely necessary, although it will slightly decrease rice yield, but significantly improve rice eating quality and N use efficiency; （2） Reducing the amount of late-stage N application appropriately could improve the rice eating quality; （3） Improving agronomic N use efficiency is the key to balance rice yield and eating quality. Our results provide an important reference for the future N management in rice production for the purpose of achieving high yield and better eating quality.
论文链接：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127793
日期：2021-06-10
